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Instructions for helping yourself

Person drowning

What to do

  1. In the water: float on your back, head tilted back and ears in the water. Spread arms and legs. Move them gently to float and control breathing.
  2. Hold something that floats. Call for help when you can breathe. Avoid exhausting yourself trying to escape. Follow the rescuer.
  3. Out of the water, get medical assessment even if recovered. Report cough, breathing difficulty or drowsiness. Do not swim again.
  4. Dive impact/suspected neck: no forced straightening. Vomit obstructs airway: assisted turn with dispatcher. Breathing first. Unresponsive/normal breathing: unconscious guide/monitor. Gasps are abnormal.

What to avoid

  1. Do not swim in to rescue without water-rescue training. Being a good swimmer does not remove the danger.
  2. Do not try to drain water by pressing the abdomen or hanging the person down. Do not delay breaths or CPR to drain water.
Child or baby: child CPR, start with 5 breathsTrauma: airway firstAdult: after the 5 initial breaths, CPRVery cold/shivering/confusedUnresponsive but breathing normallySymptoms after leaving the water